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1992 Constitution: Indemnity clause, Ex-gratia, etc... Do we still need these?
Employers who have employees log onto computers before clocking into a time-keeping system and who have them clock out before shutting the computer down may be violating the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) according to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Cadena v. Customer Connexx LLC. According to the facts in Cadena, employees had to boot up a computer at the start of their shift and only after completing that process could they log into the time-keeping system and clock in; the initial log in process was off the clock. Similarly, at the end of shifts, employees clocked out and then shut down their computer. The trial court granted summary judgment to the employer on the ground that the logging in and logging out processes were not “integral and indispensable” to the workers’ duties. The trial court decided the activities were analogous to waiting in line to punch a conventional time clock.
The Ninth Circuit disagreed. Since it was impossible for the employees to do their jobs without turning on the computers and logging into the employer’s network, the activities that occurred before they were able to clock-in were integral and indispensable to their jobs. The Ninth Circuit reversed the grant of summary judgment, ordering the District Court to consider whether the time spent shutting down was also indispensable and whether the total amount of time involved was de minimis. Alarmingly for defendants in FLSA cases, the Ninth Circuit did note the US...
1992 Constitution: Indemnity clause, Ex-gratia, etc... Do we still need these?