Last month he signed a law to raise the retirement age from 62 to 64, despite months of strikes against the bill.
He and his government have since tried to turn the page on the episode of popular discontent, one of the biggest challenges to his second mandate.
But protesters have booed and banged pots and pans at him on his forays into provincial France to meet members of the public.
When Macron attended a football match on Saturday, he was met with activists waving red cards.
Unions and the opposition are hoping for a mass turnout at the May Day rallies to let Macron know they continue to oppose the pension overhaul.
"I invite all French men and women... to go out and catch the sun, to tan while pushing their baby strollers in the streets of Paris and the rest of the country," Francois Ruffin, a member of parliament for the hard-left France Unbowed party, said on Sunday.
"We are making sure 2023 goes down in the country's social history," he told broadcaster BFMTV ahead of the public holiday.
Almost three in four French people were unhappy with Macron, a survey by the IFOP polling group found last month.
France has been rocked by a dozen days of nationwide strikes and protests against Macron and his pension changes since mid-January, some of which have turned violent.
But momentum has waned at recent strikes and demonstrations held during the working week, as workers appear unwilling to continue to sacrifice pay.
Protests in recent weeks have taken...
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