Child labor laws have changed in several states this year with some states tightening restrictions on child labor and other states loosening their rules. California, Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, and Virginia are among the states that have altered their laws on employment of minors.

• In California, Indiana, Michigan, Nevada, and Virginia, child labor laws have changed this year.
• Some state laws limit the hours minors can work or the jobs they can do.
• The DOL recently has amped up enforcement of the child labor provisions of the FLSA.
• Federal and state labor agencies may certify U-visas and T-visas for qualifying workers—including minors—who are victims of workplace crimes or trafficking and who cooperate with investigations.

Child labor has drawn heightened attention lately with some states enacting stricter child labor rules and others relaxing their restrictions. State laws vary in how they limit the hours minors can work and the types of jobs minors can do. In some cases, the time limitations are different during the school year and outside of the school year.

California enacted a law, Assembly Bill (AB) 3234, requiring employers to disclose child labor findings from voluntary audits. It took effect on January 1, 2025. Employers must publish audit results on their website, including the timing of the audit, any child labor findings, and copies of child labor policies.

California limits the hours that minors can work, prohibits work in some hazardous occupations, and...

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