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Let's take a closer look at where we are and the changes that will come into law over the next couple of years.

Where are we now - setting the scene

Trade union law in England and Wales has evolved significantly over many years, with different governments implementing different rules to reflect their own political perspectives on industrial action and trade union powers. The previous government's legislation had a focus on restricting industrial action, imposing stricter thresholds for legal strikes, and changing union financing rules.

Of particular importance, the Trade Union Act 2016 included provisions that increased ballot thresholds for industrial action. This meant that a minimum of 50% of those eligible to vote need to turn out to vote in the ballot in order for it to be valid and in specified important public services (in England only), including Fire and Rescue Services, at least 40% of those entitled to vote must vote in favour of industrial action.

The 40% requirement does not apply in Wales. This means that it is easier for a trade union in Wales to successfully call for industrial action.

Fire and Rescue Services generally have positive and...

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