The inexorable expansion of the False Claims Act (“FCA”) to cover virtually all types of cybersecurity breaches and violations – to include allegedly poor practices and failure to fully adhere to security controls – continues. At one time, an organization might have thought that it was unlikely to face a potential FCA investigation and litigation relating to its cybersecurity practices. That day is long past. Two recent FCA settlements illustrate the expansion: one is the first cybersecurity FCA settlement relating to healthcare Quality System Regulations (“QSR”) and the other involves the first settlement with a defense contractor that also pulls in its private equity owner.
A Brief History of FCA Cybersecurity Enforcement
Four years ago, the Department of Justice (“DOJ”) announced a Civil Cyber-Fraud Initiative that would, among other things, utilize the False Claims Act to pursue cybersecurity related fraud by government contractors and grant recipients. As one of our co-authors wrote at the time, we expected the Initiative to “create additional pressure for companies to devote substantial resources to cybersecurity compliance” (details here) and result in a considerable increase in FCA cases. Soon thereafter, DOJ entered into a settlement relating to a telecommunications company’s alleged failure to “satisfy certain cybersecurity controls in connection with an information technology service provided to federal agencies” (details here) followed by a pair of cases...
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