Employment law governs every detail of the relationship between employee and employer. It is designed to protect employees and their employers through regulations that guarantee workplace safety, protect against child labor, ensure a fair and equitable hiring process, and address family and medical leave. Employment law also regulates the hours an employee can work and sets wages.

It is important that employees and employers understand the basic elements of employment law in order to avoid legal action. For example, if an employee makes false statements that harm an employer’s business or reputation, they may face a lawsuit — even if their statement doesn’t cause any monetary loss.

5 Critical Employment Laws to Know

• Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
• The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA)
• The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
• Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH)
• Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)

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Why Is Employment Law Important?

If an employer breaks an employment law, they may fall under investigation or incur penalties including extensive fines. Examples of employer misconduct include failing to pay mandatory overtime, denying paid leave, wrongful termination or asking prohibited questions on job applications. Employment law is structured so that both employer and employee are treated fairly, which in turn keeps a business running properly. These regulations ensure that businesses can...

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