On June 20, 2025, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a former firefighter forced to retire after developing Parkinson’s disease could not bring claims under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) over a change to her post-employment health insurance benefits. The ruling addressed a circuit split over whether disabled former employees can bring ADA claims to challenge employer decisions regarding post-employment benefits, narrowing ADA standing for retired employees.

Quick Hits

• The Supreme Court ruled that a retired firefighter with Parkinson’s disease could not bring claims under the ADA regarding changes to her post-employment health benefits.
• The Court held that Title I of the ADA requires plaintiffs to have or desire a job for which they can perform the essential functions with or without reasonable accommodation at the time of an employer’s allegedly discriminatory actions.
• The decision clarifies a circuit split by concluding that to have standing under the ADA, plaintiffs must hold or desire a job for which they can perform essential functions, thereby narrowing protections for retired employees.
• Justice Neil Gorsuch further opined that retired employees may be able to proceed with ADA claims if they allege that they were disabled before retiring and were subject to the alleged discriminatory decision.

In a mixed ruling in Stanley v. City of Sanford, Florida, the Supreme Court affirmed a ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit...

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