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Friday, May 15, 2026

Does Free Speech Protect COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation? | Stanford Law School - Stanford Law School

(Originally published by Stanford Medicine’s Scope Blog on April 21, 2022)

We all know, or have heard about, someone who’s refused to get a COVID-19 vaccine. While some individuals have medical or religious reasons for avoiding vaccination, for some, other factors influence their decision. Despite the importance of vaccines for public health — and the serious risk associated with being unvaccinated — getting the shot may feel like a betrayal of certain political beliefs.

But where does this feeling come from? Throughout the pandemic, some politicians and other influencers have promoted advice that’s not based on scientific data — sometimes it’s with good intentions, other times it’s intentionally misleading. But the outcome is the same: misinformation.

This led Michelle Mello, JD, PhD, a Stanford Medicine professor of health policy and Stanford Law professor, to dig into questions that surround this issue.

While some might say making or spreading known false statements related to the vaccine should be criminalized, the First Amendment, which guarantees free speech, continues to provide protection for people who promulgate such faulty information. So, how can the spread of misinformation be stopped without quashing free speech?

I spoke with Mello and asked her to address the Supreme Court’s view on vaccine misinformation — an issue she addressed in a recent Viewpoint piece in JAMA Health Forum. The following Q&A has been edited and condensed.

Several countries have...



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